But once we follow the relational ontology developed throughout this series, that move becomes not merely incomplete but impossible. Constructivism overestimates the subject while under-theorising the very conditions that could make a subject possible. It inherits a metaphysics of independence while preaching interdependence, producing an elegant intellectual ouroboros that cannot tell whether it is swallowing the world or itself.
Constructivism claims too much and too little—precisely because it refuses to theorise the ontological cut.
1. The Constructivist Loop: Collapse Without the Cut
Constructivism typically proceeds with a tacit grammar:
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Experience is constructed.
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The subject constructs experience.
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Therefore the subject is sovereign within the experiential domain.
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Therefore the world-as-known is the subject’s projection, filtration, or production.
This is already an unstated theological structure: a creator-subject generating a knowable cosmos ex nihilo. But relational ontology replaces origin myths with perspectival cuts. The subject is not the source but the perspective—an angle within a relational field, never the ground of that field.
Constructivism assumes the subject stands outside what it constructs, as if the builder were not built. This is the unexamined miracle that props up the entire tradition.
Without a relational cut differentiating (a) the potential and (b) the instance, constructivism has no place to locate itself. It collapses into the very world it claims to have constructed. It tries to bootstrap itself into being, while refusing to acknowledge that boots require feet—and feet require a body—and bodies emerge from systems of relation not chosen by the subject.
2. The Self as Product: Why Constructivism Cannot Construct Itself
In a relational ontology, the “self” is not an antecedent subject but an instance actualised by a coordinated potential. Forms of social, biological, and semiotic coordination carve a particular perspectival aperture—the “self”—from the wider relational field.
Constructivism inverts this order.
It tries to position the subject prior to its conditions, then grants the subject authorship over the world it only ever perceives through its own already-formed aperture.
But the aperture is the result of a system-level potential, not a first-person engineering project.
Constructivism therefore suffers a fatal incoherence:
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It claims the subject constructs the world.
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But it cannot explain the construction of the subject.
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So it smuggles the subject in, whole, ready-made.
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And then congratulates it for building everything else.
It is, in effect, epistemology as autobiography with delusions of grandeur.
3. Why the Constructivist Subject Is Always Too Autobiographical
Constructivist subjects come pre-loaded with capacities:
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They perceive.
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They categorise.
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They model.
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They implement cognitive operations.
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They constitute objects.
By refusing the system-instance distinction, constructivism cannot articulate the theoretical potential from which a subject could be actualised. It only describes the patterns of construction, not the conditions that make those patterns intelligible as instances of a larger system.
Thus constructivism:
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over-emphasises personal agency,
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under-theorises relational co-emergence,
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and mistakes its field of phenomena for the whole structure.
It mistakes the first-order construal for the theory of possible construals.
The relational ontology model draws the relevant cut:
The subject is an instance;the instance presupposes a system;the system is not constructed by the instance.
This is the basic categorical asymmetry constructivism cannot bring itself to acknowledge.
4. Constructivism and the Infinite Pat-on-the-Back
Because the subject is smuggled in as a miracle, constructivism becomes performative self-approval:
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The subject builds meaning.
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The subject builds the world.
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The subject builds itself (in some unspecified metaphorical way).
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The subject’s theoretical description of itself is therefore self-validating.
This produces a fascinating rhetorical performance:
The knower congratulates itself for being the origin of knowing.
The posture is implicitly theological (creation) and implicitly colonial (possession of world-as-construct) while pretending to be emancipatory.
5. The Relational Alternative: No Builders, Only Cuts
Relational ontology replaces the builder metaphor with a relational field in which perspectives are actualised. Construction becomes construal, and construal becomes a perspectival instance—not a generative origin.
Instead of the self constructing its world, we have:
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A system as structured potential.
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A perspectival cut actualising an instance.
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Construal as the way the instance is experienced.
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No subject prior to the relational event.
This makes constructivist agency look quaint—like mistaking a window for the architect of the house.
6. The Consequence: Constructivism Cannot Survive Ontological Accountability
Constructivism is not wrong for emphasising participation and interpretation. But its fundamental error is ontological pride: it mistakes its own perspectival aperture for the source of the possibility of perspective.
Relational ontology forces the reversal:
The world is not constructed by the self;the self is a cut through the world’s relational potential.
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