Across every domain we have explored — the subatomic, the biological, the cognitive, the technological, the sacred, and the social — the same structural pattern emerges.
Reality, possibility, and meaning are never simply given. They are constrained, stabilised, and disciplined by relational cuts. At every stage, intolerances surface where the system cannot contain uncertainty, ambiguity, or multiplicity.
1. Quantum Theory — Intolerances of Explanation
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Planck: discontinuity in construal, not nature; discovery does not equal ontological transformation.
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Born: probability as formal readiness, not intrinsic property; distributions vs instantiation potential.
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Heisenberg: indeterminacy as perspectival limit, not ontic fuzz; errors arise when description is reified.
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Bohr: complementarity shows mutually exclusive descriptions of phenomena; refusal to let descriptions describe “things” marks a relational cut.
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Schrödinger: wavefunction as theory of possible instances; collapse as perspectival, not physical.
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Einstein: realism and locality refuse construal; cost of insisting on reality independent of relation.
Pattern: scientific explanation intolerant of unconstrained possibility; relational cuts enforce the intelligibility of measurement and observation.
2. Evolution — Intolerances of Explanation
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Darwin: variation without ground; selection intolerant of indeterminacy.
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Fitness: intolerance of ambiguity in adaptive success.
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Unit: intolerance of the singular; relational interactions exceed reduction.
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Novelty: intolerance of unprecedented forms; systems resist the new.
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Lineage: intolerance of fluid ancestry; continuity enforced.
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Dawkins vs Gould/Rose/Lewontin: intolerance of deterministic or reductionist readings; relational pressures expose disagreement over interpretive closure.
Pattern: evolutionary explanation intolerant of distributed, multi-level relationality; cuts enforce coherence, suppress remainder, resist novelty.
3. Neuroscience and AI — Intolerances of Meaning and Agency
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Neuroscience: intolerance of meaning outside codifiable patterns; systems resist interpretive multiplicity.
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AI: intolerance of agency where optimisation and performance dominate; behaviour must be measurable and accountable.
Pattern: cognitive and computational explanation intolerant of unconstrained construal; relational cuts define operational boundaries.
4. Scripture — Intolerances of Interpretation
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Inspiration: intolerance of mediation; the voice must be direct.
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Canon: intolerance of excess; only selected texts are sanctioned.
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Authority: intolerance of distributed voice; interpretation centralised.
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Hermeneutics: intolerance of reflexivity; reading resists self-questioning.
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Ambiguity: intolerance of suspension; texts must “mean” definitively.
Pattern: interpretive systems intolerant of suspended meaning; cuts enforce doctrinal coherence, suppress ambiguity.
5. Culture — Intolerances of Social Containment
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Politics: intolerance of undecidability; decisions must be enacted.
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Power: intolerance of reflexive authority; closure enforced, remainder suppressed.
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Ethics: intolerance of moral remainder; costs must be contained or displaced.
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Identity: intolerance of non-identity; roles and responsibilities must be fixed.
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History: intolerance of contingency; narratives stabilise possibility retrospectively.
Pattern: social systems intolerant of unresolved relational pressure; cuts maintain coordination, authority, and intelligibility.
The General Methodology of Relational Cuts
From these series, a general methodology emerges:
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Identify relational cuts: moments where multiplicity or possibility is constrained to stabilise a system.
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Trace intolerances: observe where systems resist suspended ambiguity, unconstrained novelty, or distributed responsibility.
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Follow the remainder: detect what persists, recurs, or is displaced by the cut.
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Locate authority: note the mechanisms that enforce closure and naturalise outcomes.
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Attend to openness: recognise that possibility, ambiguity, and construal survive relationally, even where suppressed.
This methodology does not moralise, nor does it seek reconciliation. It maps the architecture of constraint that underlies knowledge, meaning, and action across domains.
A Unified Insight
Across physics, biology, cognition, technology, scripture, and culture:
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cuts stabilise possibility,
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intolerance arises where pressure exceeds containment,
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authority enforces closure,
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remainder persists relationally,
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knowledge and meaning are produced, constrained, and partially deferred.
The patterns are structurally identical, even if content differs. Science, interpretation, and social organisation all operate by the same relational logic: cuts create intelligibility, intolerance signals pressure, and remainder preserves what cannot be fully contained.
Closing
Relational cuts and intolerances are the lenses through which we can read:
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what is possible,
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what is suppressed,
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and how systems sustain themselves without ever fully resolving their own complexity.
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