Sunday, 23 November 2025

Ecological Narratology: 5 Orientation in Narrative: Horizons and Coherence

If construal decides what appears in a narrative, relationality decides how phenomena connect, and perspective decides from where experience is accessed, then orientation decides where phenomena are anchored — spatially, socially, and discursively.

Orientation stabilises the narrative horizon, ensuring that events, participants, and relations remain intelligible over time. Liora’s journey through the forest provides a living illustration.


1. Spatial Orientation

Spatial orientation is fundamental to narrative coherence:

  • It locates entities relative to each other and to the narrator/participant.

  • It shapes movement, attention, and the unfolding of events.

Example — English-style spatial anchoring:

Liora stepped around the moss-covered stone. The pool lay ahead, its surface catching the first light of dawn. The creature hovered above the far edge.

Distributed spatial orientation (participant-rich):

Liora moved through the forest; moss, dew, and stone seemed to respond to her presence. The pool shimmered somewhere within this web of life, a focal node in a shifting landscape.

Spatial orientation can be explicit or emergent, but it always frames narrative intelligibility.


2. Social Orientation

Social orientation situates participants within relationships and hierarchies:

  • Who can influence whom?

  • Which entities are “in the know” or “bound” by social context?

  • Which participants are foregrounded as agents of action?

Example:

Liora hesitated. The creature’s hovering suggested curiosity rather than threat. Somewhere in the forest, unseen eyes followed, marking her movement.

Social orientation enriches narrative tension, guiding expectations about action and reaction.


3. Discursive Orientation

Discursive orientation structures how information is sequenced, foregrounded, and backgrounded:

  • What is topical? What is background?

  • How does attention shift across clauses and sentences?

  • Which phenomena must be explicitly mentioned, and which can be assumed in the horizon?

Example:

Liora’s hand brushed the water. A ripple spread. Dew on nearby leaves glimmered. In the distance, the sun edged above the treetops.

Here, orientation organises attention across multiple focal planes, creating a stable narrative horizon.


4. Orientation as Semiotic Ecology

Orientation is a systemic affordance:

  • Spatial, social, and discursive axes interact to anchor the narrative horizon.

  • Coherence emerges because each phenomenon is placed within this horizon — a relational and semiotic scaffolding.

  • Without orientation, even perfectly construed events and perspectives would feel disjointed.

Liora’s forest scene shows that orientation is dynamic and relational: the forest itself, the pool, the creature, and Liora’s movement all participate in constructing a coherent narrative space.


5. Liora in Action: Comparative Illustration

Minimal orientation:

Liora bent over the pool. Something shimmered above it.

Spatially rich orientation:

Liora moved around the moss-covered stone; the pool ahead caught the light; the creature hovered at the far edge.

Full semiotic ecological orientation:

Liora’s steps pressed lightly into moss; the pool shimmered with reflected dawn; dew and leaves quivered; the creature hovered, curious; the forest, vast and watchful, framed the unfolding scene.

Notice how each version increases the anchoring of phenomena, enriching coherence, attention, and narrative intelligibility.


Next Post

Next, we will integrate all axes — Construal, Relationality, Perspective, and Orientation — to show how a narrative ecology operates as a coordinated system.

We will revisit Liora’s forest scene to illustrate how different semiotic ecologies afford distinct story-worlds and reader experiences.

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