The Buddhist schools of Mādhyamika and Yogācāra extend the relational conception of possibility by interrogating the very nature of phenomena and cognition. In Mādhyamika, śūnyatā (emptiness) asserts that all entities lack inherent existence, arising only in dependence upon conditions. Potentiality is therefore contingent: the very being of phenomena is relational, and the horizon of what can manifest is inseparable from context and interdependence.
Yogācāra emphasises the mind’s role in structuring experience, articulating the cognition-dependent nature of reality. Possibility is co-constituted by the perceiver and the field of perception; the relationality of consciousness shapes the actualisation of potential, revealing a networked, perspectival ontology.
Both schools disrupt notions of fixed essences, demonstrating that construal itself is contingent, emergent, and historically situated. Possibility emerges not as a property of isolated entities but through dynamic interrelations of mind, matter, and conditions. The Mādhyamika-Yogācāra synthesis foregrounds relational reflexivity: understanding and potential co-evolve, and each act of discernment reshapes the field of what may arise.
Modulatory voices: Nāgārjuna (Mādhyamika), Asaṅga (Yogācāra).
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